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Cardiovascular Research Advance Access [Accepted Manuscript] published online on January 28, 2009
Cardiovascular Research, doi:10.1093/cvr/cvp033
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Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2009. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Loss of cardioprotection with aging

Kerstin Boengler, Rainer Schulz and Gerd Heusch

Institut für Pathophysiologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Germany

Corresponding author: Prof. Dr. med. Dr. h.c. Gerd Heusch, FRCP Institut für Pathophysiologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45122 Essen, Germany Tel: +49 (201) 723 4480 Fax: +49 (201) 723 4481 e-mail: gerd.heusch{at}uk-essen.de

Not only the prevalence, but also the mortality due to ischemic cardiovascular disease is higher in older than in young humans, and the demographic shift towards an aging population will further increase the prevalence of age-related cardiovascular disease. In order to develop strategies aimed to limit reversible and irreversible myocardial damage in older patients, there is a need to better understand age-induced alterations in protein expression and cell signaling. Cardioprotective phenomena such as ischemic and pharmacological pre- and postconditioning attenuate ischemia/reperfusion injury in young hearts. Whether or not pre- and postconditioning are still effective in aged organs, animals, or patients, i.e. under conditions where such cardioprotection is most relevant, is still a matter of debate; most studies suggest a loss of protection in aged hearts.

The present review discusses changes in protein expression and cell signaling important to ischemia/reperfusion injury with myocardial aging. The efficacy of cardioprotective maneuvers, e.g. ischemic pre- and postconditioning in aged organs and animals will be discussed, and the development of strategies aimed to antagonize the age-induced loss of protection will be addressed.

KEYWORDS Cardioprotection; ischemic preconditioning; ischemic postconditioning; myocardial infarction; myocardial ischemia; reperfusion

Time for primary review: 20 Days


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