Cardiovascular Research Advance Access [Accepted Manuscript] published online on September 24, 2008
Cardiovascular Research, doi:10.1093/cvr/cvn259
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Interaction between transcription factors Irx4 and Irx5 controls cardiac potassium channel Kv4.2 gene transcription
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219
* Corresponding Author: Koichi Takimoto Department of Environmental and Occupational Health University of Pittsburgh 100 Technology Drive, Bridgeside Point, Room 558 Pittsburgh, PA 15219 Phone: 412-624-7494, FAX: 412-624-9361 e-mail: koichi{at}pitt.edu
Aims: The homeobox transcription factor, Iroquois protein 5 (Irx5), plays an essential role in the generation of region-selective expression of Kv4.2 gene across the left ventricular wall of rodent hearts. Here we analyze molecular mechanisms underlying the Irx5-induced regulation of rat Kv4.2 promoter.
Methods: The mRNA levels for Irx members in various heart regions were assessed by RT-PCR. A luciferase reporter gene with rat Kv4.2 promoter was used to test the effects of Irx members on channel promoter activity.
Results: Irx3 and Irx5 mRNAs were differentially distributed across the left ventricular wall, whereas Irx4 message was equally abundant in various ventricular regions. Irx5, but not Irx3 or Irx4, increased Kv4.2 promoter activity in 10T1/2 fibroblasts, whereas the transcription factor decreased the promoter activity in neonatal ventricular myocytes. These effects were mediated by the C-terminal portion of Irx5. Irx4 appeared to inhibit the Irx5-induced increase in channel promoter activity in 10T1/2 cells. The N-terminal region of Irx4 was necessary and sufficient for this inhibition. Furthermore, when endogenous Irx4 expression was suppressed with siRNA, Irx5 increased channel promoter activity in neonatal myocytes.
Conclusions: These results indicate that Irx5 possesses the ability to activate Kv4.2 promoter. The abundant Irx4 expression throughout the rat ventricle may play a role in the inverse relationship between Irx5 and Kv4.2 levels across the left ventricular wall.
Time for primary review: 23 days
Present Address: Department of Physiology and Biophysics Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064
# Present Address: Department of Bioengineering Nagaoka University of Technology 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan Phone: 81-258-47-9414, FAX: 81-258-47-9400 e-mail: koichi{at}vos.nagaokaut.ac.jp
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