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Cardiovascular Research Advance Access [Accepted Manuscript] published online on March 3, 2008
Cardiovascular Research, doi:10.1093/cvr/cvn059
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Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2008. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Contractile smooth muscle cells derived from hair follicle stem cells

Jin Yu Liu1, Hao Fan Peng1 and Stelios T. Andreadis1,2,*

1 Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
2 Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14203

* Address for all Correspondence: Stelios T. Andreadis Bioengineering Laboratory, 908 Furnas Hall, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University at Buffalo, State University of New York Amherst, NY 14260 tel: (716) 645-2911 ext. 2204 fax: (716) 645-3822 email: sandread{at}eng.buffalo.edu

Aims: We hypothesized that hair follicle stem cells can differentiate toward smooth contractile muscle cells, providing an autologous cell source for cardiovascular tissue regeneration.

Methods: Smooth muscle cells were obtained from ovine hair follicles using a tissue specific promoter and fluorescence-activated cell sorting.

Results: Hair follicle smooth muscle progenitor cells (HF-SMPC) expressed several markers of vascular smooth muscle including {alpha}-actin, calponin, myosin heavy chain, caldesmon, smoothelin and SM22. HF-SMPC were highly proliferative and showed high clonogenic potential without any signs of chromosomal abnormalities as evidenced by karyotype analysis. HF-SMPC compacted fibrin hydrogels to a similar extent as vascular smooth muscle cells from ovine umbilical veins (V-SMC), indicating development of force-generating machinery. In addition, cylindrical tissue equivalents prepared with HF-SMPC displayed significant contractility in response to vasoactive agonists including KCl and the thromboxane A2 mimetic U46619 [GenBank] , suggesting that these cells had developed receptor and non-receptor-mediated pathways of contractility. Finally, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 promoted differentiation of HF-SMPC toward a mature SMC phenotype as suggested by increased expression of myosin heavy chain and enhanced matrix compaction.

Conclusions: Our results suggest that hair follicles may be an easily accessible, autologous and rich source of functional SMPC for cardiovascular tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

KEYWORDS Stem cells; hair follicle; smooth muscle cells; contractility; cardiovascular tissue engineering; cell therapy

Time for primary review: 32


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