Copyright © 2007, European Society of Cardiology
Dietary supplementation with 
-3 PUFA increases adiponectin and attenuates ventricular remodeling and dysfunction with pressure overload
aDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
bDepartment of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
cDepartment of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
dDepartment of Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
eDepartment of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
*Corresponding author. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, 20 Penn Street, HSF2, Room S022, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States. Tel.: +1 410 706 3585; fax: +1 410 706 3586. wstanley{at}medicine.umaryland.edu
Objective Epidemiological studies suggest that consumption of 
-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (-3 PUFA) decreases the risk of heart failure. We assessed the effects of dietary supplementation with -3 PUFA from fish oil on the response of the left ventricle (LV) to arterial pressure overload.
Methods Male Wistar rats were fed a standard chow or a -3 PUFA-supplemented diet. After 1 week rats underwent abdominal aortic banding or sham surgery (n=9–12/group). LV function was assessed by echocardiography after 8 weeks. In addition, we studied the effect of -3 PUFA on the cardioprotective adipocyte-derived hormone adiponectin, which may alter the pro-growth serine–threonine kinase Akt.
Results Banding increased LV mass to a greater extent with the standard chow (31%) than with -3 PUFA (18%). LV end diastolic and systolic volumes were increased by 19% and 105% with standard chow, respectively, but were unchanged with -3 PUFA. The expression of adiponectin was up-regulated in adipose tissue, and the plasma adiponectin concentration was significantly elevated. Treatment with -3 PUFA increased total Akt protein expression in the heart, but decreased the fraction of Akt in the active phosphorylated form, and thus did not alter the amount of active phospho-Akt.
Conclusion Dietary supplementation with -3 PUFA attenuated pressure overload-induced LV dysfunction, which was associated with elevated plasma adiponectin.
KEYWORDS Diet; Fat; Fish oil; Heart failure; Hypertrophy; Metabolic syndrome; PPAR
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