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Cardiovascular Research 2007 75(4):636-639; doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2007.07.006
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Copyright © 2007, European Society of Cardiology

The adventitia: The outs and ins of vascular disease

Patrick J. Paganoa,* and David D. Guttermanb

aHypertension and Vascular Research Division, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit MI, United States
bMedical College of Wisconsin, Cardiovascular Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226 United States

* Corresponding author. Vascular Research, Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, RM 7044, E&R Bldg., Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI 48202-2689, United States. Tel.: +1 313 9167055; fax: +1 313 9161479. ppagano1@hfhs.org

Received 11 July 2007; accepted 13 July 2007

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

Long before it was established that the adventitia is a major source of vasoactive factors and a pivotal participant in vascular remodeling, it was noted that the changes occurring in the adventitia could be a signal of impending vascular disease, among them marked hypercellularity, increased connective tissue production, and clear signs of inflammation. Various forms of hypertension, atherosclerosis, and vascular injury are characterized by adventitial cell proliferation and increased leukocyte levels in the perivascular space. In 1915, Albutt [1] reported finding inflammatory cells in the perivascular adventitia of atherosclerotic arteries. Almost half a century later, Schwartz and Mitchell [2] showed a positive correlation between the magnitude of adventitial inflammation and the severity of atherosclerosis. However, for more than 30 years, these observations remained a curious, yet peculiar phenomenon that was largely ignored and generally considered irrelevant to homeostasis of the vessel wall. Until recently, doubts persisted that this outer segment . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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