Skip Navigation

Cardiovascular Research 2007 75(2):327-338; doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2007.05.001
This Article
Right arrow Full Text Freely available
Right arrow FREE Full Text (PDF) Freely available
Right arrow E-letters: Submit a response
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when E-letters are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Disclaimer
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Dezfulian, C.
Right arrow Articles by Gladwin, M. T.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Dezfulian, C.
Right arrow Articles by Gladwin, M. T.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

Copyright © 2007, European Society of Cardiology

Role of the anion nitrite in ischemia-reperfusion cytoprotection and therapeutics

Cameron Dezfuliana,b,c, Nicolaas Raata, Sruti Shivaa and Mark T. Gladwina,b,*

aVascular Medicine Branch, National Heart Lung Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
bCritical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
cDivision of Pediatric Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States

* Corresponding author. National Institutes of Health, Building 10-CRC, Room 5-5140, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1662, United States. Tel.: +1 301 435 2310; fax: +1 301 402 1213. mgladwin{at}mail.nih.gov

The anion nitrite (NO2–) constitutes a biochemical reservoir for nitric oxide (NO). Nitrite reduction to NO may be catalyzed by hemoglobin, myoglobin or other metal-containing enzymes and occurs at increasing rates under conditions of physiologic hypoxia or ischemia. A number of laboratories have now demonstrated in animal models the ability of nitrite to provide potent cytoprotection following focal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury of the heart, liver, brain, and kidney. While the mechanism of nitrite-mediated cytoprotection remains to be fully characterized, the release of nitrite-derived NO following IR appears to be central to this mechanism. The evidence of nitrite-mediated cytoprotection against IR injury in multiple animal models opens the door to potential therapeutic opportunities in human disease. Here we review the mechanisms for nitrite formation in blood and tissue, its metabolic equilibrium with NO, nitrate, and NO-modified proteins, the evidence supporting nitrite-mediated cytoprotection, and the potential mechanisms driving cytoprotection, and we explore the opportunities for the therapeutic application of nitrite for human disease.

KEYWORDS Nitric oxide; Ischemia; Reperfusion


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 CirculationHome page
C. Dezfulian, S. Shiva, A. Alekseyenko, A. Pendyal, D.G. Beiser, J. P. Munasinghe, S. A. Anderson, C. F. Chesley, T.L. Vanden Hoek, and M. T. Gladwin
Nitrite Therapy After Cardiac Arrest Reduces Reactive Oxygen Species Generation, Improves Cardiac and Neurological Function, and Enhances Survival via Reversible Inhibition of Mitochondrial Complex I
Circulation, September 8, 2009; 120(10): 897 - 905.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cardiovasc ResHome page
J. W. Calvert and D. J. Lefer
Myocardial protection by nitrite
Cardiovasc Res, July 15, 2009; 83(2): 195 - 203.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BloodHome page
M. T. Gladwin and D. B. Kim-Shapiro
The functional nitrite reductase activity of the heme-globins
Blood, October 1, 2008; 112(7): 2636 - 2647.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
J. W. Elrod, J. W. Calvert, S. Gundewar, N. S. Bryan, and D. J. Lefer
Nitric oxide promotes distant organ protection: Evidence for an endocrine role of nitric oxide
PNAS, August 12, 2008; 105(32): 11430 - 11435.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
D. Kumar, B. G. Branch, C. B. Pattillo, J. Hood, S. Thoma, S. Simpson, S. Illum, N. Arora, J. H. Chidlow Jr., W. Langston, et al.
Chronic sodium nitrite therapy augments ischemia-induced angiogenesis and arteriogenesis
PNAS, May 27, 2008; 105(21): 7540 - 7545.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
A. R. Butler and M. Feelisch
Therapeutic Uses of Inorganic Nitrite and Nitrate: From the Past to the Future
Circulation, April 22, 2008; 117(16): 2151 - 2159.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ASH Education BookHome page
G. J. Kato
Novel Small Molecule Therapeutics for Sickle Cell Disease: Nitric Oxide, Carbon Monoxide, Nitrite, and Apolipoprotein A-I
Hematology, January 1, 2008; 2008(1): 186 - 192.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
N. S. Bryan, J. W. Calvert, J. W. Elrod, S. Gundewar, S. Y. Ji, and D. J. Lefer
Dietary nitrite supplementation protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury
PNAS, November 27, 2007; 104(48): 19144 - 19149.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cardiovasc ResHome page
S. Lamas, C. J. Lowenstein, and T. Michel
Nitric oxide signaling comes of age: 20 years and thriving
Cardiovasc Res, July 15, 2007; 75(2): 207 - 209.
[Full Text] [PDF]


Disclaimer: Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.