Copyright © 2006, European Society of Cardiology
NADPH oxidase-dependent redox signalling in cardiac hypertrophy, remodelling and failure
Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London School of Medicine, Bessemer Road, London SE5 9PJ, United Kingdom
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +44 20 7346 3865; fax: +44 20 7346 4771. Email address: ajay.shah{at}kcl.ac.uk
Markers of increased oxidative stress are known to be elevated following acute myocardial infarction and in the context of chronic left ventricular hypertrophy or heart failure, and their levels may correlate with the degree of contractile dysfunction or cardiac deficit. An obvious pathological mechanism that may account for this correlation is the potential deleterious effects of increased oxidative stress through the induction of cellular dysfunction, energetic deficit or cell death. However, reactive oxygen species have several much more subtle effects in the remodelling or failing heart that involve specific redox-regulated modulation of signalling pathways and gene expression. Such redox-sensitive regulation appears to play important roles in the development of several components of the phenotype of the failing heart, for example cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis and chamber remodelling. In this article, we review the evidence supporting the involvement of reactive oxygen species and redox signalling pathways in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, with a particular focus on the NADPH oxidase family of superoxide-generating enzymes which appear to be especially important in redox signalling.
KEYWORDS NADPH oxidase; Heart; Hypertrophy; Heart failure; Oxidative stress; Reactive oxygen species; Redox signalling
Time for primary review 21 days
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