© 2003 by European Society of Cardiology
Copyright © 2003, European Society of Cardiology
Toll-like receptors in cardiovascular diseases
aExperimental Cardiology Laboratory, University Medical Center (G02 523), Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
bInteruniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands (ICIN), Utrecht, The Netherlands
*Corresponding author. Tel.: +31-30-250-7155; fax: +31-30-252-2693. Email address: d.dekleijn{at}hli.azu.nl
The Toll-like receptor family recognizes mostly exogenous ligands like bacterial lipopolysaccharides or DNA and activates the inflammatory cell. Evidence is accumulating that these Toll-like receptors are important in cardiovascular pathologies. Recently, expression of Toll-like receptors in arterial and myocardial cells has been shown and mouse knockout and human studies on polymorphisms point to a role of Toll-like receptor 4 in neointima formation and atherosclerosis. It is now becoming clear that these receptors not only serve as receptors for pathogen-associated molecular patterns but are also involved in the initiation and progression of cardiovascular pathologies.
KEYWORDS Atherosclerosis; Receptors; Infection/Inflammation; Arteries; Immunology
Time for primary review 36 days.
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