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Cardiovascular Research 2003 59(1):67-77; doi:10.1016/S0008-6363(03)00325-0
© 2003 by European Society of Cardiology
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Copyright © 2003, European Society of Cardiology

Depletion of T-tubules and specific subcellular changes in sarcolemmal proteins in tachycardia-induced heart failure

Ravi C. Balijepallia, Andrew J. Lokutab, Nathan A. Maertzb, Jennifer M. Bucka, Robert A. Haworthc, Hector H. Valdiviab and Timothy J. Kampa,b,*

aDepartment of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
bDepartment of Physiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
cDepartment of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

tjk{at}medicine.wisc.edu

* Corresponding author. H6/343 Clinical Science Center, Box 3248, 600 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53792, USA. Tel.: +1-608-263-4856; fax: +1-608-263-0405.

Objective: The T-tubule membrane network is integrally involved in excitation–contraction coupling in ventricular myocytes. Ventricular myocytes from canine hearts with tachycardia-induced dilated cardiomyopathy exhibit a decrease in accessible T-tubules to the membrane-impermeant dye, di8-ANNEPs. The present study investigated the mechanism of loss of T-tubule staining and examined for changes in the subcellular distribution of membrane proteins essential for excitation–contraction coupling. Methods: Isolated ventricular myocytes from canine hearts with and without tachycardia-induced heart failure were studied using fluorescence confocal microscopy and membrane fractionation techniques using a variety of markers specific for sarcolemmal and sarcoplasmic reticulum proteins. Results: Probes for surface glycoproteins, Na/K ATPase, Na/Ca exchanger and Cav1.2 demonstrated a prominent but heterogeneous reduction in T-tubule labeling in both intact and permeabilised failing myocytes, indicating a true depletion of T-tubules and associated membrane proteins. Membrane fractionation studies showed reductions in L-type Ca2+ channels and β-adrenergic receptors but increased levels of Na/Ca exchanger protein in both surface sarcolemma and T-tubular sarcolemma-enriched fractions; however, the membrane fraction enriched in junctional complexes of sarcolemma and junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum demonstrated no significant changes in the density of any sarcolemmal protein or sarcoplasmic reticulum protein assayed. Conclusion: Failing canine ventricular myocytes exhibit prominent depletion of T-tubules and changes in the density of a variety of proteins in both surface and T-tubular sarcolemma but with preservation of the protein composition of junctional complexes. This subcellular remodeling contributes to abnormal excitation–contraction coupling in heart failure.

KEYWORDS Ca-channel; E-c coupling; Heart failure; Remodeling; Sarcolemma


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