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Cardiovascular Research 2001 49(2):440-448; doi:10.1016/S0008-6363(00)00258-3
© 2001 by European Society of Cardiology
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Copyright © 2000, European Society of Cardiology

Adult human heart microvascular endothelial cells are permissive for non-lytic infection by human cytomegalovirus

Doris Ricottaa, Giulio Alessandria, Caterina Pollaraa, Simona Fiorentinia, Flavia Favillia, Maria Tosettia, Alberto Mantovanib, Manuela Grassia, Emirena Garrafaa, Livio Dei Casc, Claudio Munerettod and Arnaldo Carusoa,*

aInstitute of Microbiology, University of Brescia, P.le Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
bDepartment of General Pathology, University of Brescia, Via Valsabbina 19, 25123 Brescia, Italy
cDepartment of Cardiology, University of Brescia, P.le Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
dDepartment of Cardiac Surgery, University of Brescia, P.le Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-30-3995-792; fax: +39-30-395-258 caruso{at}master.cci.unibs.it

Objective: Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has been linked to chronic heart disease. The mechanism of CMV dissemination to the heart remains unknown. CMV antigens and nucleic acid sequences have been detected in endothelial cells (ECs) in vivo, and ECs are fully permissive hosts to CMV replication in vitro. This report examines the characteristics of CMV replication in primary cultures of human heart microvascular ECs (HHMECs). Methods: Capillary ECs were isolated from heart tissue biopsies of six patients at the time of heart surgery. HHMECs were infected with CMV and viral antigens were detected by immunofluorescence assay using monoclonal antibodies as specific reagents. Cytokine and chemokine release in the supernatant of sham- and CMV-infected cells was quantitated by ELISA. Reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) was used to analyse expression of mRNA for adhesion molecules. Results: CMV was found to productively infect HHMECs without cytolytic effects. Infected cultures released high levels of pro-inflammatory chemokines and enhanced their adhesion molecule expression. Conclusions: Our data provide new insights into the mechanism of CMV dissemination to the heart, signalling the need for further investigation of the pathogenetic role of this virus in cardiac disorders.

KEYWORDS Infection/inflammation; Cell culture/isolation; Cytokines; Endothelial receptors; Endothelial function


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