© 2000 by European Society of Cardiology
Copyright © 2000, European Society of Cardiology
Markers of apoptosis in cardiovascular tissues
focus on Annexin V
Departments of Biochemistry, Pathology, Pharmacology and Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +31-43-388-1674; fax: +31-43-367-0988 WL.vanHeerde{at}bioch.unimaas.nl
In the last decade, apoptosis (or programmed cell death) has become appreciated as an important process in the development of the cardiovascular system. Moreover, apoptosis contributes to the adaptation of the system to the environment. We are at the beginning of understanding its relevance to cardiovascular physiology and pathology. This understanding forms the key to implement apoptosis in diagnosis and therapy of cardiovascular diseases. New avenues for pharmacological intervention are expected to arise from the synergy of our knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis, and how apoptosis integrates in the complex environment of the cardiovascular tissue. The latter strongly depends on techniques to measure apoptosis. Currently, we are facing a relative paucity in available techniques, covering both specificity and sensitivity, and furthermore allowing quantitative analysis, preferably in combination with morphology. This field, however, is rapidly evolving and is fed by the expanding knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis. In this paper we will briefly review the available techniques to detect and/or quantify apoptosis. These methods are based on the analysis of cellular morphology, either by light- or electron microscopy, DNA fragmentation (TdT-mediated X-dUTP nick end labeling or in situ nick end labeling), or cytoplasmic and membrane changes. Furthermore, the advantages and limitations of these techniques for their use in cardiovascular research will be outlined. In the text we will refer to available reviews and protocols which discuss the techniques in more detail. The main part of this article will, however, focus on a recently introduced technique, the Annexin V-based apoptosis detection assay. The principle, characteristics, pro's and contra's of this new apoptosis detection assay will be discussed.
KEYWORDS Apoptosis; Atherosclerosis; Cardiomyopathy; Heart failure; Ischemia
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  P. Zania, D. Gourni, A. C. Aplin, R. F. Nicosia, C. S. Flordellis, M. E. Maragoudakis, and N. E. Tsopanoglou Parstatin, the Cleaved Peptide on Proteinase-Activated Receptor 1 Activation, Is a Potent Inhibitor of Angiogenesis J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., February 1, 2009; 328(2): 378 - 389. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. E.A. Appelman and P. A. Doevendans Proteasome inhibition and stress compromise the heart in chemotherapy Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 2008; 79(4): 547 - 548. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Zania, M. Papaconstantinou, C. S. Flordellis, M. E. Maragoudakis, and N. E. Tsopanoglou Thrombin mediates mitogenesis and survival of human endothelial cells through distinct mechanisms Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, May 1, 2008; 294(5): C1215 - C1226. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. M. Henson and R. M. Tuder Apoptosis in the lung: induction, clearance and detection Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, April 1, 2008; 294(4): L601 - L611. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. M. Mentzer Jr, M. S. Jahania, and R. D. Lasley Myocardial Protection Card. Surg. Adult, January 1, 2008; 3(2008): 443 - 464. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. J. Bodar, J. C.H. van der Hilst, W. van Heerde, J. W. M. van der Meer, J. P. H. Drenth, and A. Simon Defective apoptosis of peripheral-blood lymphocytes in hyper-IgD and periodic fever syndrome Blood, March 15, 2007; 109(6): 2416 - 2418. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Hur, D. W. Bell, K. L. Dean, K. R. Coser, P. C. Hilario, R. A. Okimoto, E. M. Tobey, S. L. Smith, K. J. Isselbacher, and T. Shioda Regulation of Expression of BIK Proapoptotic Protein in Human Breast Cancer Cells: p53-Dependent Induction of BIK mRNA by Fulvestrant and Proteasomal Degradation of BIK Protein. Cancer Res., October 15, 2006; 66(20): 10153 - 10161. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Raphael, S. Abedat, J. Rivo, K. Meir, R. Beeri, T. Pugatsch, Z. Zuo, and Y. Gozal Volatile Anesthetic Preconditioning Attenuates Myocardial Apoptosis in Rabbits after Regional Ischemia and Reperfusion via Akt Signaling and Modulation of Bcl-2 Family Proteins J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., July 1, 2006; 318(1): 186 - 194. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. Del Gaizo Moore and R. M. Payne Transactivator of Transcription Fusion Protein Transduction Causes Membrane Inversion J. Biol. Chem., July 30, 2004; 279(31): 32541 - 32544. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Eefting, B. Rensing, J. Wigman, W. J. Pannekoek, W. M. Liu, M. J. Cramer, D. J Lips, and P. A Doevendans Role of apoptosis in reperfusion injury Cardiovasc Res, February 15, 2004; 61(3): 414 - 426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.D. Bird, P.A. Doevendans, M.A. van Rooijen, A. Brutel de la Riviere, R.J. Hassink, R. Passier, and C.L. Mummery The human adult cardiomyocyte phenotype Cardiovasc Res, May 1, 2003; 58(2): 423 - 434. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. J. Hassink, A. Brutel de la Riviere, C. L. Mummery, and P. A. Doevendans Transplantation of cells for cardiac repair J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 5, 2003; 41(5): 711 - 717. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. W.L. Thimister, L. Hofstra, I. H. Liem, H. H. Boersma, G. Kemerink, C. P.M. Reutelingsperger, and G. A.K. Heidendal In Vivo Detection of Cell Death in the Area at Risk in Acute Myocardial Infarction J. Nucl. Med., March 1, 2003; 44(3): 391 - 396. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. E. Regan, M. Broad, A. M. Byford, A. R. Lankford, R. J. Cerniway, M. W. Mayo, and G. P. Matherne A1 adenosine receptor overexpression attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced apoptosis and caspase 3 activity Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, March 1, 2003; 284(3): H859 - H866. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Mentzer Jr., M. S. Jahania, and R. D. Lasley Myocardial Protection Card. Surg. Adult, January 1, 2003; 2(2003): 413 - 438. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P A J Krijnen, R Nijmeijer, C J L M Meijer, C A Visser, C E Hack, and H W M Niessen Apoptosis in myocardial ischaemia and infarction J. Clin. Pathol., November 1, 2002; 55(11): 801 - 811. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Stadler, J. Phillips, Y. Toyoda, M. Federman, S. Levitsky, and J. D. McCully Adenosine-enhanced ischemic preconditioning modulates necrosis and apoptosis: effects of stunning and ischemia-reperfusion Ann. Thorac. Surg., August 1, 2001; 72(2): 555 - 563. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Palmen, M.J.A.P. Daemen, R. Bronsaer, W.R.M. Dassen, H.R. Zandbergen, M. Kockx, J.F.M. Smits, R. van der Zee, and P.A. Doevendans Cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction is impaired in IGF-1 deficient mice Cardiovasc Res, June 1, 2001; 50(3): 516 - 524. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Borgers, L.-M. Voipio-Pulkki, and S. Izumo Apoptosis Cardiovasc Res, February 1, 2000; 45(3): 525 - 527. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. S. Sayan, G. Ince, A. E. Sayan, and M. Ozturk NAPO as a novel marker for apoptosis J. Cell Biol., November 26, 2001; 155(5): 719 - 724. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|