© 1998 by European Society of Cardiology
Copyright © 1998, European Society of Cardiology
Dietary arginine and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases
Laboratoire de Physiologie-GIP Exercice, Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiorespiratoires, CHU Nord de Saint-Étienne, Niveau 6, 42055 Saint-Étienne, France
* Tel.: +33 (4) 77828300; fax: +33 (4) 77828447; e-mail: lorgeril@univ-st-etienne.fr
Received 2 September 1997; accepted 24 September 1997
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Endothelium plays a primary role in local regulation of vascular activity by synthesis and release of vasoactive substances, including the endothelium-derived relaxing factor, now identified with nitric oxide (NO), a labile substance derived from L-arginine. From its discovery [1, 2], NO has been recognized as a major intercellular, and perhaps intracellular, mediator [1, 2]. NO has potent biological properties as a vasoactive, platelet-regulatory, neurotransmitter and also cytotoxic agent [3]. Disorders of the endothelial NO synthase pathway might play a role in cardiovascular disorders including systemic and pulmonary hypertension [4–8], hypercholesterolaemia [9]and atherosclerosis [10, 11]although it is still unclear whether the decrease in endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation observed in hyperlipidaemia results from an increase in NO inactivation [12, 13]or a decreased formation of this compound [14, 15].
Investigators used arginine, the substrate of NO synthase, and antagonists of NO synthase as pharmacological means to
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