Copyright © 2005, European Society of Cardiology
Myostatin, the cardiac chalone of insulin-like growth factor-1
Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Street, MSB G-609, Newark, NJ 07103, United States
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 973 972 3926; fax: +1 973 972 7489. Email address: deprech@umdnj.edu
Received 4 August 2005; accepted 16 September 2005
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See article by Shyu et al. [2] (pages 405–414) in this issue.
In the 1960s, Bullough introduced the concept of chalones, inhibitors of cell growth that provide a negative feedback mechanism to control the size of a specific tissue [1]. In a very elegant study in this issue, Shu et al. [2] demonstrate that myostatin represents a chalone of the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) pathway in the heart.
The IGF-1 signaling pathway, as summarized in Fig. 1A, represents an important physiological mechanism of cardiac cell growth that is initiated upon binding of IGF-1 to a tyrosine–kinase receptor (IGFR) very similar to the insulin receptor. When activated, the IGFR phosphorylates the insulin receptor
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