Copyright © 2005, European Society of Cardiology
TOLL-erating cardiac hypertrophy following pressure overload
Hubrecht Laboratory and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute Netherlands, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, the Netherlands
* Corresponding author. Email address: dewindt@niob.knaw.nl
Received 22 August 2005; accepted 31 August 2005
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See article by Ha et al. [4] (pages 224–234) in this issue.
Ah, broken is the golden bowl! the spirit flown forever! Let the bell toll!–a saintly soul floats on the Stygian river; ...And I!–to-night my heart is light!–no dirge will I upraise, But waft the angel on her flight with a Paean of old days!"–Excerpted from "Lenore", by Edgar Allen Poe (1831)
Sensing and defeating microbial infections are essential to the survival of metazoan species and contingent upon the reliable detection of pathogens, which are characterized by rapid evolution and molecular heterogeneity. Multicellular species have developed two overall strategies to kill and remove parasites, to send them "floating on the Stygian river" (after the river Styx in