Copyright © 2005, European Society of Cardiology
Cardiac effects of statins–advancements and open questions
Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, 66421 Homburg, Germany
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +49 6841 16 3000. Email address: ulrich@laufs.com
Received 11 March 2005; accepted 29 March 2005
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See also article by Di Napoli et al.[8] (pages 462-471) in this issue.
The beneficial vascular effects of statins are important for the primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease and stroke; however, their cardiac effects are less clear. In addition to their lipid-lowering properties, statins have been shown to exert extrahepatic, cholesterol-independent effects in animal studies that have been called "pleiotropic" effects. There is indirect evidence from human studies suggesting that pleiotropic action may contribute to the reduction of clinical endpoints by statin treatment (for review see [1]). These data are important because in addition to the advancement of our understanding of cardiovascular pathophysiology, they imply that patients at risk for adverse cardiovascular events may benefit from statins irrespective of their cholesterol levels [2].
In experimental models of ischemia and reperfusion, statins have been shown to limit the
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