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Cardiovascular Research 2004 64(1):9-11; doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2004.07.015
© 2004 by European Society of Cardiology
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Copyright © 2004, European Society of Cardiology

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Diastolic dysfunction, subtle systolic dysfunction, systolic-ventricular and arterial stiffening, or misdiagnosis?

Paul Steendijk*

Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +31 71 526 2020; fax: +31 71 526 6809. E-mail address: p.steendijk@lumc.nl

Received 15 July 2004; accepted 20 July 2004

The first 10% of the full text of this article appears below.

See article by He et al. [19] (pages 72–83) in this issue.

Patients with signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure (CHF) may present with a normal left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF). Epidemiological studies indicate that about half of the CHF patients in the community have a relatively normal or preserved EF (typically defined as EF>50%) [1–3]. This finding appears to be in line with hospital-based studies, but the heterogeneity in patient selection, diagnostic criteria for CHF, and methods for assessment of systolic function makes it difficult to compare these studies [4]. Compared to patients with CHF and depressed EF, patients with CHF and preserved EF are older, are more often women, more frequently have a history of hypertension, and less frequently have coronary artery disease [1–4]. CHF is the most frequent cause of hospitalization in persons 65 years of age or older, . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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