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Cardiovascular Research 2002 53(3):558-567; doi:10.1016/S0008-6363(01)00511-9
© 2002 by European Society of Cardiology
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Copyright © 2002, European Society of Cardiology

Clinical characteristics of coronary heart disease in women: emphasis on gender differences

Nanette K Wenger*

Emory University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Grady Memorial Hospital, 69 Butler Street, S.E., Atlanta, GA 30303, USA

* Tel.: +1-404-616-4420; fax: +1-404-616-3093

Received 31 May 2001; accepted 15 October 2001

KEYWORDS Coronary disease; Gender

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


   1. Epidemiology
 
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of mortality for adult women in most industrialized nations [1,2]. Internationally there is substantial variation in the rates of age-standardized CHD incidence and mortality; countries with high rates of CHD among men also have high rates for women [3]. That environmental/lifestyle factors may exert major importance compared with gender is highlighted by the fact that women in countries with high prevalence of CHD have greater CHD rates than men in countries with low CHD prevalence. Changes in age-standardized CHD mortality rates for men and women between 1981 and 1983 and 1991–1993 show prominent declines in Western European countries, the United Kingdom and the US for both genders, in contrast to increases in mortality rates for both women and men in Eastern European countries, highlighting the potential impact of environmental/lifestyle changes [3]. Within this favorable trend, the percentage decline in . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   2. Diagnostic evaluation of chest pain in women
 

   3. Angina pectoris
 

   4. Sudden coronary death
 

   5. Acute coronary syndromes
 

   6. Myocardial infarction
 

   7. Myocardial revascularization: coronary artery bypass graft surgery and transcatheter revascularization procedures
 
7.1. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery
7.2. Transcatheter revascularization procedures

   8. Summary
 

   9. Coronary heart disease in women: key points
 

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