© 1998 by European Society of Cardiology
Copyright © 1998, European Society of Cardiology
Animal models of cardiac arrhythmias1
aDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
bPhysiologisches Institut, Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland
* Corresponding author.
Received 8 October 1997; accepted 3 December 1997
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1 Introduction |
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When surveying the literature with the intention of evaluating to which extent studies on animal models have contributed to the understanding of arrhythmia mechanisms in patients and in devising therapeutic strategies, one is struck by the differences between supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. In general, in the field of supraventricular arrhythmias there has been a strong interaction between experimental and clinical studies and there can be no doubt that the various animal models have been instrumental in understanding the mechanisms of clinical arrhythmias and in establishing different forms of therapy. Clearly, an animal cannot be transformed into a human patient, but despite species differences and differences in arrhythmogenic factors in animal models and humans, the similarity between arrhythmia mechanisms in experimental models and patients far outweigh the differences.
This similarity is less evident when considering ventricular arrhythmias. There are several reasons for this. First, many ventricular arrhythmias, such as those induced
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2 Supraventricular arrhythmias |
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2.1 Re-entrant tachycardias in the presence of accessory atrioventricular pathways
2.2 Atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia
2.3 Atrial flutter
2.4 Atrial fibrillation
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3 Ventricular arrhythmias |
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3.1 A hereditary model of sudden death
3.2 Ventricular arrhythmias caused by acute ischaemia
3.3 The ventricular arrhythmias of myocardial infarction
3.4 Animal models and antiarrhythmic drugs
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4 Conclusions |
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