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Cardiovascular Research Advance Access first published online on September 10, 2009
This version [Corrected Proof] published online on October 4, 2009
Cardiovascular Research, doi:10.1093/cvr/cvp309
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Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2009. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Proteasome inhibition during myocardial infarction

Xichun Yu and David C. Kem*

Endocrinology/Harold Hamm Oklahoma Diabetes Center and Heart Rhythm Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center and VAMC, 1200 Everett Dr, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA

* Corresponding author. Tel: +1 405 271 5896, Fax: +1 405 271 7455, Email: david-kem{at}ouhsc.edu

The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) plays a central role in protein degradation and regulates a variety of critical cellular processes. During recent years, the cardiac UPS has become increasingly recognized as a key regulator of cardiac function under both physiological and pathological conditions. Numerous studies have demonstrated that altered UPS function is involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac disease including myocardial ischaemia or infarction. The expression and activity of the E3 ubiquitin ligases, which confer substrate specificity in the UPS pathway, affect the apoptosis and severity of disease in myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion. Although impaired proteasome function is commonly associated with myocardial ischaemic injury, recent evidence also supports a cardioprotective role for proteasome inhibitors in myocardial ischaemia. We will review these studies and data, discuss controversies regarding the UPS alterations and use of proteasome inhibitors in myocardial ischaemia, and attempt to identify strategies that may enhance their clinical application.

KEYWORDS Ubiquitin–proteasome system; Proteasome inhibitor; Myocardial infarction; Myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury; Cardioprotection; G-protein-coupled receptor kinase

Time for primary review: 25 days

This article is part of the Spotlight Issue on: The Role of the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway in Cardiovascular Disease


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