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Cardiovascular Research 2007 76(1):19-28; doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2007.05.014
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Copyright © 2007, European Society of Cardiology

Glycosaminoglycan synthesis and structure as targets for the prevention of calcific aortic valve disease

K.J. Grande-Allena, N. Osmanb,c, M.L. Ballingerb, H. Dadlanib, S. Marascod and P.J. Littleb,c,*

aDepartment of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX USA 77005
bCell Biology of Diabetes Laboratory, Baker Heart Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
cDepartments of Medicine and Immunology, Central and Eastern Clinical School, Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, Victoria, Australia
dDepartment of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia

*Corresponding author. Cell Biology of Diabetes Laboratory, Baker Heart Research Institute, St. Kilda Rd Central, PO Box 6492, Melbourne Victoria 8008, Australia. Tel.: +61 3 8532 1203; fax: +61 3 8532 1100. peter.little{at}baker.edu.au

Calcific aortic valve disease is frequently driven by ageing and the obesity-associated metabolic syndrome, and the increasing impact of these factors indicates that valve disease will become a cardiovascular disease of considerable significance. This disease is now thought to be an active cell-based disease process, which may therefore be amenable to therapeutic intervention. Some similarities are apparent with atherosclerosis. The accumulation of lipid, possibly by retention by proteoglycans and the attraction of inflammatory cells by hyaluronan, may be common to the early stages of both pathologies. The synthesis and structure of glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and hyaluronan are exquisitely regulated, and the signalling pathways controlling these processes may provide tissue-specific opportunities for concomitant prevention of atherosclerosis and calcific aortic valve disease.

KEYWORDS Calcific aortic valve disease; Proteoglycans; Hyaluronan; Lipid retention; Inflammation


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