Copyright © 2006, European Society of Cardiology
Prostanoid signal transduction and gene expression in the endothelium: Role in cardiovascular diseases
aCentro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Cantoblanco, Spain
bCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
* Corresponding author. Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Cantoblanco, Spain. Tel.: +34 91 453 1211; fax: +34 91 453 1265. Email address: jmredondo{at}cbm.uam.es
Endothelial cells play an active role in the maintenance of homeostasis. Endothelial injury can give rise to endothelial dysfunction in which the profile of mediators released by endothelial cells is altered. Among these mediators are factors that participate in the development of many cardiovascular disorders. Some of the most important are the prostanoids, which can modulate the progression of atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, and angiogenesis. Prostanoids are produced by the sequential actions of cyclooxygenases and specific synthases and exert their actions through diverse cell-surface and nuclear receptors. The profile of prostanoids produced depends on cell type and the changing pathophysiological status, and these factors similarly affect the great array of biological responses elicited by these molecules. The resulting complexity enables extremely subtle and highly complex responses, and this provides opportunities for the development of targeted therapeutic approaches.
KEYWORDS Angiogenesis; Atherosclerosis; Gene expression; Prostaglandins; Signal transduction
Abbreviations: AP-1, activator protein-1 • ATF, activating transcription factor • bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor • cAMP, cyclic AMP • cIAP-1, cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein-1 • COX, cyclooxygenase • CREB, cAMP response element binding factor • CRTH2, chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on T Helper type 2 cells • CXCR4, receptor for CXC chemokine 4 • DGK, diacylglycerol kinase • DP, receptor for PGD2 • EC, endothelial cell • EGF, epidermal growth factor • EGFR, EGF receptor • EGR-1, early growth response factor-1 • eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase • EP, receptor for PGE2 • EPCR, endothelial protein C receptor • ERK, extracellular regulated kinase • ET-1, endothelin-1 • FP, receptor for PGF2
• GRK, G-protein coupled receptor kinase • GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha • HIF-1, hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha • HSP90, heat shock protein 90 • ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 • IFN
, interferon gamma • IP, receptor for PGI2 • IP-10, Interferon-Inducible Protein 10 • I-TAC, interferon inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant • JNK, Jun NH2-terminal kinase • KDR, kinase insert domain receptor • LDL, low density lipoprotein • oxLDL, oxidized LDL • LDLR, LDL receptor • LPS, lipopolisacharide • MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 • MHC II, major histocompatibility complex class II • MIG, Monokine induced by interferon-gamma • MMP, matrix metalloprotease • MT-MMP, membrane type MMP • NFAT, nuclear factor of activated T cells • NF
B, nuclear factor kappa B • NO, nitric oxide • PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 • PDGF, platelet derived growth factor • PGES, PGE2 synthase • mPGES, microsomal PGES • PI3K, phosphatydil inositol 3 kinase • PKA, protein kinase A • PKC, protein kinase C • PLC, phospholipase C • PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor • PPRE, PPAR response element • ROR1, retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor 1 • RXR, retinoid X receptor • TF, tissue factor • TGF, transforming growth factor alpha • TNF-, tumour necrosis factor alpha • TP, receptor for thromboxane A2 • TSP-1, thrombospondin-1 • uPA, urokinase type plasminogen activator • VCAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule • VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor • VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cell
Time for primary review 16 days
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  T. He, T. Lu, L. V. d'Uscio, C.-F. Lam, H.-C. Lee, and Z. S. Katusic Angiogenic Function of Prostacyclin Biosynthesis in Human Endothelial Progenitor Cells Circ. Res., July 3, 2008; 103(1): 80 - 88. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Hirao, K. Kondo, K. Takeuchi, N. Inui, K. Umemura, K. Ohashi, and H. Watanabe Cyclooxygenase-dependent vasoconstricting factor(s) in remodelled rat femoral arteries Cardiovasc Res, July 1, 2008; 79(1): 161 - 168. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. M. Sellers and J. N. Stallone Sympathy for the devil: the role of thromboxane in the regulation of vascular tone and blood pressure Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2008; 294(5): H1978 - H1986. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|