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Cardiovascular Research 2005 67(4):594-603; doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.05.005
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Copyright © 2005, European Society of Cardiology

Cellular and molecular mechanisms of sex differences in renal ischemia–reperfusion injury

Ajay Khera,c, Kirstan K. Meldruma, Meijing Wanga,c, Ben M. Tsaia, Jeffrey M. Pitchera and Daniel R. Meldruma,b,c,*

aDepartments of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
bCellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
cIndiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States

* Corresponding author. 545 Barnhill Drive, Emerson Hall 215, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States. Tel.: +1 317 313 5217; fax: +1 317 274 2940. Email address: dmeldrum{at}iupui.edu

Renal ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) is an important etiopathological mechanism of acute renal failure (ARF). Despite improvements in the treatment of ARF, it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. I/R injury also occurs during renal transplantation and leads to reduced allograft survival. Sex differences have been found in I/R injury in many different organs including the kidney. Women have half the mortality of men in ARF. In animal models also, females are protected against renal I/R injury. The mechanisms by which sex affects the outcome to renal I/R injury are being actively investigated. This review will examine the evidence for gender differences in renal I/R injury and discuss the probable mechanisms by which sex affects the renal response to I/R injury.

Time for primary review 20 days


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