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Cardiovascular Research 2005 65(3):649-655; doi:10.1016/j.cardiores.2004.09.004
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Copyright © 2004, European Society of Cardiology

Growth factor-induced therapeutic angiogenesis in the heart: protein therapy*

Brian H. Annexa,1 and Michael Simonsb,*

aDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Durham Veterans Administration and Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
bSection of Cardiology, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 603 650 3540; fax: +1 603 650 5171. Email address: annex001{at}mc.duke.edu michael.simons{at}dartmouth.edu

Therapeutic angiogenesis, stimulated growth of new vasculature to compensate for tissue ischemia, remains an unfulfilled promise. After nearly a decade of trials, the development of drugs capable of stimulating revascularization of underperfused tissues remains an exciting but unrealized goal in cardiovascular therapeutics. This review will summarize experiences in therapeutic angiogenesis studies employing protein therapies and will draw conclusions based on our current understanding of biological processes of new vessel growth.

KEYWORDS Angiogenesis; Arteriogenesis; Growth factors; Clinical trial; Protein therapy

1 508 Fulton St. Box 111A Durham, NC 27705, USA.

* Supported in part by NIH grants HL-70247, 53793 and 63609 to MS and by an American Heart Association Established Investigator Grant (EI0140126N), a Merit Review Grant from the Department of Veterans Affairs, and NIH grant HL-075752 to BHA.

Time for primary review 22 days


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