© 2004 by European Society of Cardiology
Copyright © 2004, European Society of Cardiology
Ras, PI3-kinase and mTOR signaling in cardiac hypertrophy
Division of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
* Tel.: +44-1382-344919; fax: +44-1382-345507. Email address: c.g.proud{at}dundee.ac.uk
Cardiac hypertrophy involves increased mass (growth) of the heart and a cardinal feature of this condition is increased rates of protein synthesis. Several signaling pathways have been implicated in cardiac hypertrophy including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and Ras/Raf/MEK/Erk pathways. PI3K lies upstream of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), an important positive regulator of protein synthesis and cell growth. However, recent data suggest that, in response to certain hypertrophic agents, signaling via Ras and MEK/Erk, as well as mTOR, is required for activation of protein synthesis, indicating new connections between these key signaling pathways.
KEYWORDS Hypertrophy; Ras; MAP kinase; PI3-kinase; Protein synthesis; mTOR; mRNA translation
Time for primary review 14 days
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