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Cardiovascular Research 1999 44(3):477-487; doi:10.1016/S0008-6363(99)00236-9
© 1999 by European Society of Cardiology
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Copyright © 1999, European Society of Cardiology

Coming full circle

Membrane potential, sarcolemmal calcium influx and excitation–contraction coupling in heart muscle

Ion A Hobai1,* and Allan J Levi

Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, Bristol Heart Institute, Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-410-614-4825; fax: +1-410-955-7953 ionhobai{at}welchlink.welch.jhu.edu

In heart muscle, strong evidence shows that excitation–contraction coupling involves Ca-induced Ca-release. However, under some conditions, single heart cells show Ca release and contraction which is not correlated with Ca entry via the Ca channel, suggesting a second Ca-independent release mechanism. Similar observations were made in early, pioneering studies using voltage-clamped multi-cellular preparations. We review the influence that experimental preparations and conditions have had on excitation–contraction coupling theory over the last 20 years.

KEYWORDS Calcium channel; Membrane potential; Contractile function

1 Present address: Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.


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